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- Introduction: ɸ½àÆþ½ÐÎÏ, ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¡¤¥Ñ¥¤¥×
- Standard Input/Output: ɸ½àÆþ½ÐÎϤȤϲ¿¤«
- Redirection: ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó
- Pipe: ¥Ñ¥¤¥×
- Customization of the shell: cui ´Ä¶¤Î¥«¥¹¥¿¥Þ¥¤¥º -¥·¥§¥ëÀßÄê¤òÃæ¿´¤Ë-
- Configuration file of the shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
- Setting of shell variables: ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÀßÄê: ¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô
- Shell variables: ÂåɽŪ¤Ê¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô
- Setting of environment variables: ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÀßÄê: ´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô
- Environment variables: ÂåɽŪ¤Ê´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô
- Activation of the configration: ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆɤ߹þ¤ß
- source command to read the configration: ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆɤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É: source
- Alias: ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹ÀßÄê
- Configration of terminals: üËöÀßÄê
- Commands launched on login: ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ°
- Report: ¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È
- about Icons, ClipArts
Introduction: ɸ½àÆþ½ÐÎÏ, ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¡¤¥Ñ¥¤¥× †
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Standard Input/Output: ɸ½àÆþ½ÐÎϤȤϲ¿¤« †
unix ¤Ç¤Ï¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¥Á¥ã¥Í¥ë¡¤¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï ¥Ç¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿(¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëµ½Ò»Ò) ¤È¤è¤Ð¤ì¤ë½ÐÆþ¤ê¸ý¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ÎÆþ½ÐÎϤò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦. µ¡´ï¤ä´Ä¶¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Ê¤¤ÈÆÍÑÆþ½ÐÎϤò²Äǽ¤È¤¹¤ëÌÜŪ¤Ç¡¤ unix ¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¤¦¤Á¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î 3¤Ä(0 ¡Á 2ÈÖ)¤Î¥Ç¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤òÆÃÊ̤ʤâ¤Î¤È¤·¤Æ·è¤á¤Æ¤¤¤ë. ¤³¤ì¤é¤¬É¸½àÆþ½ÐÎϤȤè¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¤¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÀ¼Á¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
- ɸ½àÆþÎÏ(stdin)
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- ɸ½à½ÐÎÏ(stdout)
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- ɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎÏ(stderr)
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Redirection: ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó †
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How to use the redirection: ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¤ä¤êÊý¡Ä ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤Î¸å¤í¤Ë°Ê²¼¤Î¡Ö¤ª¤Þ¤¸¤Ê¤¤¡×¤ò¤Ä¤±¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤ †
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hogeɸ½àÆþÎϤòºÇ½é¤Î hoge ¤«¤é¼¡¤Î hoge ¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÆâÍƤËÊѹ¹.
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csh ·Ï¤ª¤è¤Ó¿·¤·¤á¤Î sh·Ï¤Ç noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤Ï¡¤
´û¤Ë hoge ¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤Ê¤é¤Ð¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤ë.
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noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â̵»ë¤·¤Æ¶¯À©Åª¤Ë¾å½ñ¤¤¹¤ë.>>␣hoge ɸ½à½ÐÎϤνÐÎϤò hoge ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎËöÈø¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥ¤¤¯¡¥
hoge ¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤ÐºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë.
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sh ·Ï csh ·Ï °ÕÌ£ 2>␣hoge ɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤò hoge ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÊѹ¹.
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¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¸ºß, noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤È¤Î´Ø·¸¤Ï¾åµÆ±ÍÍ.>¦␣hoge␣2>&1 >&!␣hoge (noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Æ) ɸ½à½ÐÎϤÈɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤνÐÎÏξÊý¤È¤â hoge ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÊѹ¹.
noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â̵»ë¤·¤Æ¶¯À©Åª¤Ë¾å½ñ¤¤¹¤ë.>>␣hoge␣2>&1 >>&␣hoge ɸ½à½ÐÎϤÈɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤνÐÎϤÎξÊý¤ò hoge ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎËöÈø¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥ¤¤¯.
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¸ºß, noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤È¤Î´Ø·¸¤Ï¾åµÆ±ÍÍ.>>&!␣hoge (noclobber ÊÑ¿ô¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Æ) ɸ½à½ÐÎϤÈɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤνÐÎÏξÊý¤È¤â hoge ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎËöÈø¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥ¤¤¯.
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¾¤Ë¤â¡¤¥Ç¥Ð¥Ã¥°¾ðÊó¤Ê¤É¤ò¾ï¤Ë¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤ˽Ф¹¤³¤È¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¤ ÉÔÍפʤȤ¤Ï¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎÏÀè¤ò /dev/null ¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦»È¤¤Êý¤â¤Ç¤¤ë.
Pipe: ¥Ñ¥¤¥× †
¸¶ÍýŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»È¤¨¤Ð
[¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÇ޲𤷤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ÎÀܳ]
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Program A ¤Îɸ½à½ÐÎÏ¤È Program B ¤Îɸ½àÆþÎϤòľÀÜ·Ò¤¤¤Ç¤·¤Þ¤¦ÊýË¡¤¬
unix ¤Ë¤ÏÍÑ°Õ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
¤³¤ÎƱ»þ¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤Ç¤â¤è¤Ö¤Ù¤ÊýË¡¤Ï¡¤
¡Ö¥Ñ¥¤¥×¡×¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï¡Ö¥Ñ¥¤¥×¥é¥¤¥ó¡×¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¡¤¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë»È¤¦.
¢£ ¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Î»È¤¤Êý ¢£
sh ·Ï | csh ·Ï | °ÕÌ£ |
Program A ␣¦␣ Program B | Program A ¤Îɸ½à½ÐÎϤò Program B ¤Îɸ½àÆþÎϤȤ·¤ÆÅϤ¹. | |
Program A␣2>&1␣¦␣Program B | Program A ␣¦&␣ Program B | Program A ¤Îɸ½à½ÐÎϤÈɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤò Program B ¤Îɸ½àÆþÎϤȤ·¤ÆÅϤ¹. |
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ps␣axu
¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò²èÌ̤Ǹ«¤ë¤È¤·¤è¤¦.
¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¤³¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤È,
ÂçÎ̤Υǡ¼¥¿¤¬½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤Æ²èÌ̾å¤òή¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Î¤Ï·Ð¸³¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤À¤í¤¦.
¤³¤¦¤¤¤¦¤È¤¤Ï¡¤less ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ê¤É¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤°ì²èÌ̤º¤Äɽ¼¨¤µ¤»¤ë¤Î¤¬ÄêÀФǤ¢¤ë.
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ps␣axu␣|␣less
¢¬ ps ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎÏ¤È less ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆþÎϤòľÀܥѥ¤¥×¤Ç·Ò¤¤¤Ç¤¤¤ë
¤È¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î̾Á°½ç¤ËÊ¤Ùľ¤¹¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¸«°×¤¯¤·¤¿¤¤¤Ê¡Á
¤È»×¤Ã¤¿¤È¤·¤è¤¦.
¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤sort ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¾å¤Î·ë²Ì¤òÊ¤Ùľ¤»¤ÐÎɤ¤.
¤½¤ì¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ë¤«¤È¤¤¤¦¤È¡¤¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤òÆó²ó»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¤
ps␣axu␣|␣sort␣-k␣11␣|␣less
¢¬ ps ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎÏ¤È sort ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆþÎϤò¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Ç·Ò¤®¡¤¤µ¤é¤Ë sort ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎÏ¤È less ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆþÎϤò¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Ç·Ò¤¤¤Ç¤¤¤ë(¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤òÆóÃʻȤäƤ¤¤ë)
ps ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î·ë²Ì¤Î²¿ÈÖÌÜ¤Ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹Ì¾¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â´Ä¶¤Ë°Í¸¤¹¤ë¡¥¼«Ê¬¤Ç¿ô¤¨¤Æ¤«¤é¼Â¹Ô¤·¤è¤¦¡¥
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sb8015th 8377 0.0 2.8 16700 3660 ? S 20:38 0:00 (dns helper) ot-026fd 8540 0.0 1.0 2384 1380 pts/0 S 21:04 0:00 -csh ot-026fd 8559 0.0 1.0 2384 1380 pts/0 R 21:19 0:00 -csh ot-026fd 8427 0.0 0.9 1900 1164 pts/0 S 20:48 0:00 -sh root 6796 0.4 12.2 41760 15644 ? S 19:03 0:35 /etc/X11/X -au root 1575 0.0 0.3 3180 444 ? S 14:21 0:00 /usr/bin/gdm - root 6797 0.0 1.2 3848 1652 ? S 19:03 0:00 /usr/bin/gdm - sb8015th 8267 0.0 3.0 6712 3848 ? S 20:38 0:00 /usr/bin/gnome sb8015th 8331 0.0 2.6 5304 3352 ? S 20:38 0:00 /usr/bin/sawfi sb8015th 8356 0.9 18.2 31716 23340 ? S 20:38 0:23 /usr/lib/netsc sb8015th 8305 0.0 2.4 5152 3128 ? S 20:38 0:00 /usr/local/bin ¡Äά¡Ä
¤Ê¤É¤È¡¤¥×¥í¥»¥¹Ì¾½ç¤Ëʤó¤À·ë²Ì¤¬²èÌ̾å¤Ç°ì²èÌ̤º¤Ä¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤À.
- ¾å¤Ë¼¨¤·¤¿¼ÂÎã¤ÈƱ¤¸ºî¶È¤ò¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤ë.
- ¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¤¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤ò»°ÃʻȤ¦Îã¤ò¹Í¤¨¤Æ¡¤¼ÂºÝ¤Ë»î¤·¤Æ¤ß¤è.
Useful command tee: ³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤ÈÊØÍø¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É tee †
¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ä¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤ò»È¤¦¤È¤¤Ë¡¤
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²èÌ̤dzÎǧ¤·¤Ê¤¬¤éºî¶È¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤ÇÉ԰¤À¡×
¤È¤¤¤¦»×¤¤¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È»×¤¦.
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tee
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¡Öɸ½àÆþÎϤòÊ£À½¤·¤Æ¡¤É¸½à½ÐÎϤȥե¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎξÊý¤Ë½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë¡×µ¡Ç½¤ò»ý¤Ä.
tee¤Î¼ÂÎã
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ls␣-lg
¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¼ý¤á¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦Îã¤ò¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦.
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ls␣-lg␣>␣file
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file
¤ÎÃæ¿È¤ò¸«¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤É¤¦¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤ï¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤.
¤·¤«¤·¡¤tee ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤
ls␣-lg␣|␣tee␣sample-file
¢¬ ls ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎϤòɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽Ф·¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¤¤«¤Ä¡¤sample-file ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤â½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë
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sample-file
¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¾Á°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤â½ñ¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë.
¿µ½Å¤Ëºî¶È¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¤¤¿¤¤¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦»þ¤Ï¤³¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¾å¼ê¤Ë»È¤¦¤Î¤¬Îɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦.
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script
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¤É¤Á¤é¤â»È¤¤¤³¤Ê¤·¡¤Å¬Àڤ˻Ȥ¤Ê¬¤±¤è¤¦.
Command substitution: ÊØÍø¡ª ÀèÆɤßɾ²Á `` †
¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃÖ´¹¤È¤¤¤¦ÊØÍø¤Êµ¡Ç½¤¬¤¢¤ë.
¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃæ¤Î ` (¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¯¥©¡¼¥È, µÕ°úÍÑÉä) ¤Ç°Ï¤ó¤ÀÉôʬ¤ò
¡ÖÀè¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¤ÇÃÖ¤´¹¤¨¤ë¡×
¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎÏ·ë²Ì¤ò¤¢¤¿¤«¤âʸ»úÎó¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë°·¤¨¤ë.
´Êñ¤Ë¸À¤¨¤Ð¡¤Ä̾ï¤Ê¤é¤Ðʬ¤±¤Æ¹Ô¤Ê¤¦Ê£¿ô¤ÎÁàºî¤ò°ì¹Ô¤Ë½ñ¤±¤ë¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
ÀèÆɤßɾ²Á¤Î¼ÂÎã(1)
Î㤨¤Ð¡¤test-ÆüÉÕ ¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¾Á°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºî¤ê¤¿¤¤¤Ê¡Á
¤È»×¤Ã¤¿¤È¤·¤è¤¦(ÆüÉÕÉôʬ¤Ï·îÆü¤Î4·å¤È¤«).
ÆüÉÕ¤òÆÀ¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¤date ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬»È¤¨¤ë.
¤³¤ì¤Ï¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òŬÅö¤Ë»ØÄꤹ¤ì¤Ð¹¥¤¤Ê·Á¼°¤Ç½ÐÎϤ¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ëÊØÍø¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤À.
Î㤨¤Ð
date␣+%m%d
¤È¤¹¤ì¤Ð 4·å¤Î¿ô»ú¤Î·Á¤Ç¡Ö·î¡×¡ÖÆü¡×¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë.
¤½¤³¤Ç¡¤
touch␣test-`date␣+%m%d`
¢¬ date ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ÐÎÏ·ë²Ì¤¬Ê¸»úÎó¤È¤Ê¤ë
¤È¤¹¤ë.
¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃÖ´¹¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¤
ÀÖ»úÉôʬ¤¬Àè¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤Æ¡¤·ë²Ì¤Î4·å¤Î¿ô»ú¤ËÃÖ¤´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë
¤¿¤á¡¤test-0529 ¤Ê¤É¤È¤¤¤¦(¶õ¤Ã¤Ý¤Î)¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬ºî¤é¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë.
¤³¤ì¤Î±þÍѤǡ¤¡Ö¡û¡û¤È¤¤¤¦¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò kill ¤¹¤ë´Êñ¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡×¤È¤«¤âºî¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë.
¤ï¤¶¤ï¤¶ ps␣axu ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¡Á ¤È¤ä¤é¤º¤ËºÑ¤à¤Î¤Ç³Ú¤À.
¾Ü¤·¤¤³ØÀ¸¤Ï¾¯¤·¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦(grep ¤ä awk ¤ò»È¤¦¤È¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦).
ÀèÆɤßɾ²Á¤Î¼ÂÎã(2)
¤â¤¦¤Á¤ç¤Ã¤ÈÊ£»¨¤ÊÎã¤â¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦.
Î㤨¤Ð¡¤t ¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò¤â¤Ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬º£¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤¢¤ë¤«¤¶¤Ã¤È¤ß¤Æ¤ª¤¤¿¤¤¡¤
¤È»×¤Ã¤¿¤È¤·¤è¤¦.
¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤ls ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È wc ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É(ñ¸ì¿ô¤ò¿ô¤¨¤ë)¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ
ls␣t*␣|␣wc␣-w
¤È¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¤³ºÅö¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬ 3¤Ä¤¢¤ì¤Ð 3 ¤È¤¤¤¦Åú¤¨¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë.
¤Ç¡¤¤³¤Îºî¶È¤òÎɤ¯¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò alias ¤Ê¤É¤Ç´Êñ¤ËÆþÎϤǤ¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤¤¤È¤·¤è¤¦(alias ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¤³¤Î¼ø¶È¤Î¸åȾÉôʬ¤Ç¾ÜºÙ¤ò¼¨¤¹).
¤³¤ì¤Ï,
alias␣t-num='ls␣t*␣|␣wc␣-w'
¡Ä sh ·Ï¤Î¾ì¹ç
alias␣t-num␣'ls␣t*␣|␣wc␣-w'
¡Ä csh ·Ï¤Î¾ì¹ç
¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤ª¤±¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¤¢¤È¤Ï
t-num
¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç 3 ¤È¤« 4 ¤È¤«Åú¤¨¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë.
¤·¤«¤·¡¤¿ô»ú¤À¤±¤·¤«É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤ÇÌ£µ¤¤Ê¤¤.
¤½¤³¤Ç¡¤echo ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É(ʸ»úÎó¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë)¤ÈÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤Æ¡¤
alias␣t-num='echo␣"`ls␣t*␣|␣wc␣-w`␣t*␣files␣exist."'
¤È¤¹¤ë(sh ·Ï¤Î¾ì¹ç).
¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤
t-num
¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤¿¤Ó¤Ë¡¤
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3 t* files exist.
¤Ê¤É¤È¤¤¤¦·ë²Ì¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ë.
¤³¤¦¤¤¤¦¾ì¹ç¡¤Ã±¿ô·Á¤ÈÊ£¿ô·Á¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤Àµ¤·¤¤±Ñ¸ì¤Ë¤·¤¿¤«¤Ã¤¿¤éÌÌÅݤÀ(^-^).
- tee ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÈÀèÆɤßɾ²Á¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¡¤ ¾å¤Ë¼¨¤·¤¿¼ÂÎã¤ÈƱ¤¸ºî¶È¤ò¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤ë.
Customization of the shell: cui ´Ä¶¤Î¥«¥¹¥¿¥Þ¥¤¥º -¥·¥§¥ëÀßÄê¤òÃæ¿´¤Ë- †
unix ¤Ë¤Ï¡Ö¼«Í³ÅÙ¤ò¹â¤¯¡¤ÀßÄê¤Ï¸Ä¿Í¤Î¼«Í³¤Ë¡×¤È¤¤¤¦´ðËÜ»ÑÀª¤¬¤¢¤ë¡¥
΢¤òÊÖ¤»¤Ð¡¤Å¬ÀÚ¤ÊÀßÄê¤ò°Õ¼±¤·¤Æ¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¤«¤â¡Ä¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ë.
¤½¤³¤Ç¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆɬÍ׺Ǿ®¸Â¤òÃΤäƤª¤³¤¦¡¥
Configuration file of the shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë †
¥·¥§¥ë¤ª¤è¤Ó¥·¥§¥ë¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆ°ºî¤Î°ìÉô¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ëÀßÄê¤Ï¡¤ °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤ë.
sh series: sh ·Ï †
- .bashrc
- bash ¤ò¡ÖÈó¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤ÇÂÐÏÃŪ¤Ë¡×»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò½ñ¤¯¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë.
¸å½Ò¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë .bash_profile ¤«¤é¤â¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Æɹþ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤¬ÉáÄ̤Ǥ¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤
üËöÀßÄê¤È¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ°°Ê³°¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¹þ¤á¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï¡¤Ä̾ï¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¤¤¤¸¤ë¤À¤±¤ÇºÑ¤à¤À¤í¤¦. - .bash_profile
- bash ¤ò¡Ö¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤Ç¡×»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò½ñ¤¯¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë. üËöÀßÄê¤È¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ°Åù¤ò¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤Î¤¬Àµ¤·¤¤»Ñ¡¤¤À¤í¤¦. ¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ï .bashrc ¤òÆɹþ¤ó¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤¬ÉáÄÌ.
- .profile
- sh ·Ï¥·¥§¥ë¶¦Ä̤˻Ȥ¨¤ëÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë. ¤·¤«¤·¡¤sh ·Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¿Í¤Ï¸½¾õ¤Ç¤Ï bash ¤ò»È¤¦¿Í¤¬Â¿¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¤«¤é¡¤ ¤¢¤Þ¤ê½ÐÈ֤Ϥʤ¤¤À¤í¤¦(^-^).
- ¤½¤Î¾
- .profile Ãæ¤ÇÊÑ¿ô ENV ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡ÖÂÐÏôĶ¡×¤Ç¤Ï¼«Æ°Åª¤ËÆɹþ¤Þ¤ì¤ë. ¤·¤«¤·¤½¤Îµ¡Ç½¤ò»È¤¦¿Í¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¤¤«.
csh series: csh·Ï †
- .tcshrc
- tcsh ¤ò»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¡¤É¬¤ºÆɹþ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë.
´Ä¶¤Ë¤è¤é¤ºÆɹþ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤´°Á´¤Ë¶¦Ä̤˻Ȥ¨¤ëÀßÄê¤ò¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤¯.
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤Ã¼ËöÀßÄê¤È¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ°°Ê³°¤ò¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¹þ¤à¤«¡¤
´Ä¶¤òȽÄꤹ¤ë¤ä¤äÊ£»¨¤ÊÀßÄê¤ò½ñ¤¯¤«¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
(´Ö°ã¤Ã¤¿ÀßÄê¤ò½ñ¤¯¤È¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿ÅÓü¤Ë¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤µ¤»¤é¤ì¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë´ÖÈ´¤±¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë)
¡Ä¤È¤Ï¤¤¤¨¡¤Æñ¤·¤¤¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¥¦¥Á¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤À¤±¤ÇºÑ¤à. - .login
- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿»þ¤À¤±¡¤.(t)cshrc ¤ÎÆɹþ¤ß¤Î¸å¤ËÆɹþ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë. üËöÀßÄê¤È¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ°¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¹þ¤à¤Î¤¬Îɤ¤. ¾Ü¤·¤¤¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¥¦¥Á¤Ï¿¨¤é¤Ê¤¤Êý¤¬¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦.
- .cshrc
- csh ·Ï¥·¥§¥ë¶¦Ä̤˻Ȥ¨¤ëÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë. .tcshrc ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë»È¤¦¿Í¤â¿¤¤.
- ¤½¤Î¾
- .tcshrc Ãæ¤Ê¤É¤Ç source ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤ÆÊÌ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÆɹþ¤àÀßÄê¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¿¤¤. ¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤alias ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤À¤±¤òÊÌ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ê¤É¤ÎÀßÄ꤬¤è¤¯¸«¤é¤ì¤ë.
Setting of shell variables: ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÀßÄê: ¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô †
¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¸Çͤ˻ý¤ÄÊÑ¿ô.
¥·¥§¥ë¼«¿È¤ÎÆ°ºî¤Ë¤«¤«¤ï¤ëÀßÄê¤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë.
̾Á°¤Ï¾®Ê¸»ú¤Çµ½Ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤.
- ʸˡ
°ÕÌ£ sh·Ï csh·Ï ºîÀ®, ÂåÆþ ÊÑ¿ô̾=ÃÍ set␣ÊÑ¿ô̾=ÃÍ ºï½ü unset␣ÊÑ¿ô̾ ɽ¼¨ set »²¾È $ÊÑ¿ô̾
Shell variables: ÂåɽŪ¤Ê¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô †
- ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥µ¡¼¥Á¥Ñ¥¹(PATH: sh·Ï, path: csh ·Ï)
- ¥·¥§¥ë¤«¤é¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤Ë¡¤
¤É¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤«¤éõ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤Î¤«¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¶µ¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤¿¤á¤Ë»È¤¦.
¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¤path ¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï¡¤
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤òÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç»ÈÍѤǤ¤ë.
¤è¤¯Ê¬¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¥¦¥Á¤ÏÊѹ¹¤·¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦. - ¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È(PS1: sh·Ï, prompt: csh ·Ï)
- ¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤È¤Ï¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤Ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÆþÎϹԤÎÀèƬÉôʬ¤Ë¥·¥§¥ë¤¬É½¼¨¤¹¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
bash ¤Ç¤ÎÀßÄêÎã¡¥Î㤨¤Ð¡¤
PS1="(BAsh)\H<\u>\[\033[1;34m\]\w\[\033[0m\] <\!>"
¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦¡¥¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤¬¤³¤ÎÀßÄêÄ̤ê¤ËÊѲ½¤¹¤ë¡¥¤³¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ï¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤Ç͸ú¤À¡¥ ¤³¤ì¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë .bashrc ¤ÎÃæ¤Ëµ½Ò¤·¤Æ source␣.bashrc ¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤«¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤â¤è¤¤(¤½¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¤¤³¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ï¤º¤Ã¤È͸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤ë)¡¥
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤¤¤¸¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¤ jman␣bash ¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï jman␣tcsh ¤È¤·¤Æ¡¤¡Ö¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¡×¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï¡ÖPrompt¡×¤Î¹àÌܤòÆɤá¤Ð¤è¤¤. ¾Ü¤·¤¯½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¢¤ë. - ¥Ò¥¹¥È¥ê(HISTSIZE: sh·Ï, history: csh·Ï)
- ¥·¥§¥ë¤¬ÍúÎò(history)¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¤ª¤¯¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¿ô.
¾¯¤·Â¿¤á¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤È¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦.
- ¥¨¥é¡¼½èÍý¡¤°ÂÁ´²½·Ï(ignoreeof, noclobber,noglob Åù)
- ¤¦¤Ã¤«¤ê¥ß¥¹¤äÃμ±ÉÔ¤ˤè¤Ã¤ÆȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë»Ù¾ã¤ò¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯ÍÞÀ©¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÍѤ¤¤ë¤â¤Î. ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤è. ¤è¤¯Ê¬¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¥¦¥Á¤Ï¤¤¤¸¤é¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
Setting of environment variables: ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÀßÄê: ´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô †
¥·¥§¥ë¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆ°ºîÀßÄê¤Ë¤«¤«¤ï¤ëÊÑ¿ô.
´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤ò¤É¤¦ÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤«¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬·è¤á¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
̾Á°¤ÏÂçʸ»ú¤Çµ½Ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤.
- ʸˡ
°ÕÌ£ sh·Ï csh·Ï ºîÀ®, ÂåÆþ (¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô¤È¤·¤ÆºîÀ®¤·¤¿¸å)
export␣ÊÑ¿ô̾setenv␣ÊÑ¿ô̾␣ÃÍ ºï½ü unset␣ÊÑ¿ô̾ unsetenv␣ÊÑ¿ô̾ ɽ¼¨ set or env printenv »²¾È $ÊÑ¿ô̾
Environment variables: ÂåɽŪ¤Ê´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô †
- ¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿(EDITOR)
- ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¤ÅÓÃæ¤Ç¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ë.
¤½¤¦¤·¤¿»þ¤Ë¡¤¤É¤Î¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Î¤«¤ò¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÇÀßÄê¤Ç¤¤ë.
ÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤ª¤«¤Ê¤¤¤È vi ¤¬µ¯Æ°¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¼«Ê¬¤Î´·¤ì¤¿¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
- ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥ã(PAGER)
- ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¤ÅÓÃæ¤Ç more ¤ä less ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥ã¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤
¤½¤ÎºÝ¤Ë¤É¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥ã¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Î¤«¤ò¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÇÀßÄê¤Ç¤¤ë.
ÆüËܸì¤ËÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥ã¤À¤ÈÆüËܸ줬Æɤá¤Ê¤¤Åù¤Î»Ù¾ã¤¬À¸¤º¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤
ŬÀڤʥڡ¼¥¸¥ã¤ò¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
- ¸À¸ì(LANG)
- ¤É¤Î¸À¸ì¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¡¤¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë.
¹Ôµ·¤Î¤è¤¤¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ê¤é¤Ð¤³¤Î´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤ò¸«¤ÆŬÀÚ¤ËÀßÄê¤òÊѤ¨¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤ë.
ÆüËܸì¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¤
Linux ¤äFreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï ja_JP.UTF-8 ¤ä ja_JP.eucJP ¤Ê¤É¤ÈÀßÄꤹ¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤.
- üËö°À(TERM, TERMCAP Åù)
- üËö¤Î̾Á°¤äÀ¼Á¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë. ¤è¤¯¤ï¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¤±¤ì¤É¤â²¿¤«ÀßÄꤷ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦¾õÂÖ¤ËÄɤ¤¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¤é(^-^)¡¤ TERM ¤Ë vt100 ¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤ª¤±¤Ð¤È¤ê¤¢¤¨¤º¤·¤Î¤²¤ë¤À¤í¤¦.
Activation of the configration: ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆɤ߹þ¤ß †
¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½¤Àµ¤·¤Æ¡¤¤½¤Î¸ú²Ì¤ò¤ß¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤·¤¿¤é¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¤«?
¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤ó¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤·¤Æ¤Þ¤¿¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë? ¤½¤ì¤Ï¡Ö´í¸±¡×¤À¡¥
´Ä¶¥«¥¹¥¿¥Þ¥¤¥º¤ÎÃí°ÕÅÀ
¥·¥§¥ë¤Î´Ä¶¤ò¥«¥¹¥¿¥Þ¥¤¥º¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤Ë¡¤
¡ÖÀßÄê¤Ë¤«¤Ê¤ê¸·¤·¤¤¥ß¥¹¤ò¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡×
¤ÈÄ̾ï¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ç¤Ï¤É¤¦¤·¤è¤¦¤â¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡¥
¤³¤¦¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ï¡Ä
- (¸å½Ò¤Î) source ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç¤·¤Ã¤«¤ê³Îǧ¤¹¤ë
- ¥«¥¹¥¿¥Þ¥¤¥º¤¬½ª¤ï¤ë¤Þ¤ÇÀäÂÐ¤Ë¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤·¤Ê¤¤Ã¼Ëö¤ò°ì¤Ä¤Ï³ÎÊݤ·¤Æ¤ª¤¯
- ²¿¤«ÀßÄê¤òÊѤ¨¤¿¤éÊ̤ÎüËö(¥½¥Õ¥È)¤«¤é¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¥Æ¥¹¥È¤¹¤ë(= ¸½ºß¤ÎüËö(¥½¥Õ¥È)¤Ï¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤·¤Ê¤¤)
¤Ê¤É¤ÎÂкö¤ò¾ï¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤³¤¦¡¥
source command to read the configration: ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆɤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É: source †
ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½¤Àµ¤·¤¿¸å¡¤¤¹¤°¤Ë¤½¤Î±Æ¶Á¤ò¤ß¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
¡ÖÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÆɤ߹þ¤à¡×¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
source␣¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾
¤È¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¡¥
ÁǤΠsh ¤Ï¤³¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬»È¤¨¤º¡¤
.␣¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾ (¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É¡¤¶õÇò, ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾)
¤È¤¤¤¦ÊýË¡¤·¤«»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡Ä¸½ºß¤Ï¤â¤¦µ¤¤Ë¤·¤Ê¤¯¤ÆÎɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦¡¥
- ¾å¤Ë¼¨¤·¤¿Îã¤ò¤ß¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¤
.bashrc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¡¤¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤À¤±¤Ç¤âÊѹ¹¤·¤Æ¤ß¤è.
.bashrc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤½¤â¤½¤â̵¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¤¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤«¤éÊÔ½¸¤»¤è¡¥cd␣~
touch␣.bashrc
- ;͵¤Î¤¢¤ë¼Ô¤Ï¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ê¤É¤ò»²¹Í¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤í¤¤¤íÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤ß¤è.
Alias: ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹ÀßÄê †
¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹(alias) ¤È¤Ï¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¡ÖÊÌ̾¡×¤ò¤Ä¤±¤ëµ¡Ç½¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
(ÁǤΠsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤¬)Ä̾ï¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¤¿¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¤´Êñ¤Ê¤ï¤ê¤ËÊØÍø¤À¡¥
°Ê²¼¤ÎÎã¤Ï¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯ bash ·Á¼°¤Ç½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¢¤ë.
- ¥¿¥¤¥Ô¥ó¥°¤Î¼ê´Ö¤ò¸º¤é¤·¡¤¥ß¥¹¤ò¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤¹¤ë
- Îã)
alias␣md='mkdir'
Îã) alias␣em='xemacs'
- Ê£»¨¤ÊÆ°ºî¤ò 1¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ëû½Ì¤¹¤ë(¿·¤·¤¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òºî¤ë)
- Îã)
alias␣newfile='touch␣dummy-`date␣+%m%d`'
Îã csh ·Ï¤Î¤ß) alias␣printfile␣'a2ps␣\!*␣|␣lpr'
- ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤Ê¤É¤·¤Æ¡¤¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÆ°ºî¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë
- Îã)
alias␣cp='cp␣-i'
Îã) alias␣mv='mv␣-i'
Îã) alias␣rm='rm␣-i'
Îã) alias␣man='jman'
Îã) alias␣ls='ls␣--color=auto␣-Fga'
- ÊÑ¿ô¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ë
- Îã) alias␣newpath='PATH=hogehoge'
Syntax for aliases: ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤¿¤á¤Îʸˡ †
¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹Ã±ÆȤǹͤ¨¤ë¤È¡¤°ú¿ô¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë
csh ·Ï¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÊý¤¬ÊØÍø¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤
sh ·Ï¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¡Ö´Ø¿ô¡×¤È¤¤¤¦»ÅÁȤߤòÍѤ¤¤ì¤Ðµ¡Ç½Åª¤Ë¤Ï¤Û¤ÜƱ¤¸¤È¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤è¤¤¤À¤í¤¦.
¤É¤Á¤é¤Ë¤»¤è¡¤¤¤Á¤ó¤È¤·¤¿µ¡Ç½¤òÍߤ¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð
¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤òÁȤà¼ê´Ö¤È¤¢¤Þ¤êÊѤï¤é¤Ê¤¤¤·¡¤
¤½¤¦¤Ê¤ì¤ÐÆäˤɤΥ·¥§¥ë¤¬¤è¤¤°¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¶èÊ̤Ϥʤ¤(csh ·Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤Ç¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤òÁȤà¤Ù¤¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦Î®Çɤ⤤¤ë).
Syntax for aliases (sh): ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹Ê¸Ë¡: sh·Ï †
- ÀßÄê
- alias␣ÊÌ̾='¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É'
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤°ú¿ô¤Ï»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡¥
(¤Þ¤¿¡¤ÁǤΠsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¤Ê¤¤) - ²ò½ü
- unalias␣ÊÌ̾
- ɽ¼¨
- alias
- ´Ø¿ôÀßÄê
- °ú¿ô¤ò¤È¤ëÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë»È¤¦¡¥
¿·´Ø¿ô̾(){
ÆâÍÆ¡Ä ;
ÆâÍÆ¡Ä ;
}
n ÈÖÌܤΰú¿ô¤ò $n ¤È¤·¤Æ»²¾È¤Ç¤¤ë.
Syntax for aliases (csh): ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹Ê¸Ë¡: csh·Ï †
- ÀßÄê
- alias␣ÊÌ̾␣'¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É'
csh ·Ï¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤°ú¿ô¤ò¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ alias ¤Ë´Þ¤á¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë.°ÕÌ£ µ¹æ Á´¤Æ¤Î°ú¿ô \!* ºÇ¸å¤Î°ú¿ô \!$ nÈÖÌܤΰú¿ô \!:n - ²ò½ü
- unalias␣ÊÌ̾
- ɽ¼¨
- alias
- ¾å¤Ë¼¨¤·¤¿ alias Îã¤ò»î¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ¡¤ÊØÍø¤½¤¦¤Ê¤â¤Î¤ò½é´üÀßÄꤻ¤è.
- (;͵¤¬¤¢¤ë¼ÔÍÑ) alias ¤Ê¤¤¤·¤Ï´Ø¿ôµ¡Ç½¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤
Æó°ú¿ô¤Î½çÈÖ¤òµÕ¤Ë¤·¤Æɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É swap ¤òÍÑ°Õ¤»¤è.
¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¤ swap␣a␣b ¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤È¡¤ b␣a ¤Èɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê alias ¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï´Ø¿ô swap ¤ò¼Â¸½¤·¤Æ¤ß¤í¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
Configration of terminals: üËöÀßÄê †
¾å¤Ë½Ð¤Æ¤¤¿ TERM, TERMCAP ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤ä¤½¤ì¤ËÎह¤ë¤â¤Î¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ë.
bash ¤Ê¤é¤Ð .bash_profile ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¡¤
csh ·Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤Ê¤é¤Ð .login ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤Î¤¬Îɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦.
¸½¾õ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤Ä̾ï¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬Ã¼ËöÀßÄê¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦É¬Í×À¤Ï¤¢¤Þ¤ê¤Ê¤¤¡¥
Êѹ¹¤·¤Æ¥È¥é¥Ö¥ë¤³¤È¤â¿¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¤
ÆäËɬÍפ¬¤Ê¤±¤ì¤ÐüËöÀßÄê¤Ï¤·¤Ê¤¤Êý¤¬¤è¤¤.
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¥¡¼¥Ð¥¤¥ó¥Ç¥£¥ó¥°(¥¡¼Áàºî)¤òÊѤ¨¤¿¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¾ì¹ç¤À¤±¤Ï¡¤
bash ¤ä tcsh ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¿·¤·¤á¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ç¤Ï·ë¹½°ÂÁ´¤ÊÊýË¡¤¬ÍÑ°Õ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¥ª¥¹¥¹¥á¤À.
bash ¤Ç¤Ï .inputrc ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ë¤·¤«¤ë¤Ù¤ÀßÄê¤ò¡¤
tcsh ¤Ç¤Ï bind ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ .tcshrc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ç¤·¤«¤ë¤Ù¤ÀßÄê¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ê¤É¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤³¤È.
Commands launched on login: ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥Éµ¯Æ° †
bash ¤Ê¤é¤Ð .bash_profile ¤Ç,
csh ·Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ð .login ¤Ç¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó»þ¤Ëµ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤ª¤¯¡¤
¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤ë.
¤³¤ì¤ò¤¦¤Þ¤¯»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¤Î㤨¤Ðµ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë
- ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î(¼«Ê¬¤Î)»ÈÍÑÎ̤òÄ´¤Ù¤ë.
- ¥á¡¼¥ë¤¬Íè¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«Ä´¤Ù¤ë.
- º£Æü¤Î±¿Àª¤òÀꤦ(^-^).
- ¡û¡û¤µ¤ó¤¬Âç³Ø¤Î¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«Ä´¤Ù¤ë.
- ¤ä¤é¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤»Å»ö¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë(ToT)
¤Ê¤É¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë(¤Þ¤¢¡¤º£Æü¤Ï¤½¤ó¤Ê¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤¬¤¿¤¯¤Ê¤¤¤¬).
- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤¿¤Ó¤Ë¡¤
You use *** KB in this system.
¤È¤¤¤¦´¶¤¸¤Ç¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯»ÈÍÑÎ̤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤»¤è.
¤Ê¤ª¡¤du ¤È¤¤¤¦¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤¦¤ÈÎɤ¤. ¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¿µ½Å¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤è¤¦¡¥
Report: ¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È †
°Ê²¼¤Î²ÝÂê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æǽ¤¦¸Â¤ê¸ÌÀ¤ÊÄ´ºº¤È¹Í»¡¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¤
AppliedMath7-Report-04
¤È¤¤¤¦Âê̾¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æ e-mail ¤Ë¤Æ¶µ´±°¸¤Ë¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤·¤ÆÄó½Ð¤»¤è. ¤Ê¤ª¡¤¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò e-mail ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë TeX ¤ÇºîÀ®¤·¤¿½ñÌ̤ˤÆÄó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤.
Exercises: ²ÝÂê †
- ËÜ»ñÎÁ¤Î¼Â½¬Éôʬ¤ò¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¹Ô¤¤¡¤¤½¤ì¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡Ö¤¤Á¤ó¤È¡×Êó¹ð¤»¤è(¤ä¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¤¤Ê¤É¤À¤±¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ï¥À¥á¤À¤è¤Í)¡¥
- ¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤ÈÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤Æ¾å¼ê¤Ë»È¤¦¤ÈÊØÍø¤½¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¾Ò²ð¤»¤è¡¥
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