Applied Mathematics 7 (2014)
¼ø¶È»ñÎÁ/01
¤ò¥Æ¥ó¥×¥ì¡¼¥È¤Ë¤·¤ÆºîÀ®
³«»Ï¹Ô:
#CONTENTS
// Âè 1 ²ó -- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÁàºî¤Î´ðËÜ¡¤¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë, ...
* Unix is multiuser system: ¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î ...
unix ¤Ï¡ÖÊ£¿ô¤Î¿Í´Ö¤¬Æ±»þ¤ËƱ¤¸¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò»È¤¦¡×¤¿¤á¤ËÀß·×...
¤³¤¦¤·¤¿¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ò¼±Ê̤·¤¿¤ê¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¹ÔÆ°¤ä...
unix ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï»öÁ°¤ËÅÐÏ¿¤µ¤ì¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»...
¤³¤¦¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÆâÍƤ˴ؤ·¤Æ¡¤¤Þ¤º¤ÏºÇ¤âºÇ½é¤«¤éɬÍפȤʤ륢¥«...
** Login: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó [#i93b4b06]
unix ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤò³«»Ï¤¹¤ë¼ê³...
¼¡¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡Ö¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¡×¤ÈÂФˤʤë¼ê³¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
°ìÈ̤ˡ¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ò¼±Ê̤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡Ö¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¡×¤È¡Ö¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ê¼ê³¤¤Ë¤Ï¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ÎÊýË¡ (¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë) ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÍÍ...
¤Þ¤¿¡¤unix ¤¬Æ°¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ÎÁ°¤ÇľÀÜ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¾¤Ë¥Í...
Ä̾ï¤Ï¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤ÈÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤¢¤ë¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×¤È¤è¤Ð¤ì¤ë¥×...
** Logout: ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È [#gd88446f]
unix ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤ò½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¼ê³¤¤ò¸À¤¦.
Á°¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡Ö¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡×¤ÈÂФˤʤë¼ê³¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
¤³¤Î¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï unix ¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹Ãæ¤È¤¤¤¦°·¤¤...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ê¼ê³¤¤Ï¤³¤ì¤Þ¤¿ÍÍ¡¹¤Ê·Á¼°¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¤¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã...
̤ÃΤΥ·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤À¤±¤Ï...
** Account: ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È [#h76a2eee]
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¸Ä¡¹¤Î̾¾Î¤ò¤¤¤¤¡¤¡Ö¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¡×...
¡Ö¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Í¡¼¥à¡×¤Ê¤É¤È¤â¤è¤Ð¤ì¤ë.
¥á¡¼¥ë¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Î°ìÉô¤È¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤â¿¤¤.
** Password: ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É [#ee852455]
¤¢¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¾ÚÌÀ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ÎÈëÌ©¤Î¹ç¸ÀÍÕ¤¬¡Ö¥Ñ¥¹...
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¼±Ê̤òÊݾڤ¹¤ë¼êÃʤǤ¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Îϳ±Ì¤Ï...
¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Ï¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯Ê£»¨¤Ê¤â¤Î¤¬¿ä¾©¤µ¤ì¤ë.
// ¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¤ÎÍøÍѤμê°ú¤
// <a href="http://www.ecs.cmc.osaka-u.ac.jp/tebiki/no...
// ¤Ê¤É¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¤
³Ð¤¨¤ä¤¹¤¤¤¯¿ä¬¤µ¤ì¤Ë¤¯¤¤¤â¤Î¡¤¤ò¹©Éפ·¤Æ»È¤¦¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
¤Þ¤¿¡¤¤³¤Þ¤á¤ËÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó & ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È...
- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿¤Þ¤ÞÀʤòÎ¥¤ì¤ë¤È¡¤Â¾¿Í¤¬¤½¤ÎÀʤ˺¤äƥѥ¹...
- ÀáÅŤΤ¿¤á¡¤¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È»þ¤Ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥×¥ì¥¤¤ÎÅŸ»¤òÀÚ¤ë¤è¤¦...
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÎÃí°Õ
¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÇºÇ¤â·Ù...
¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ÏÀäÂФˤФì¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬...
- ¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò»æÅù¤Ë¡Ö¥á¥â¡×¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÏÀäÂФˤ·¤Æ...
- ¡Ö¥·¥ç¥ë¥À¡¼¥Ï¥Ã¥¥ó¥°¡×¤È¸À¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÆþÎϤ¹¤ë...
** Commands and Procedures to login/logout: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥í...
¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¼þ¤ê¤Ï¥»¥¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ÌäÂê¤Ë¶¯¤¯´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤¥·¥¹¥Æ...
¤½¤ì¤ÏºåÂ綵°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤âƱÍͤǤ¢¤ê¡¤°ìÈÌÏÀ¤¬¤½...
¤·¤«¤·¡¤¤Þ¤º¤Ï´ðÁ䫤顤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯¸Åŵ...
¤Ê¤ª¡¤¥»¥¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï±ó³Ö¥í¥°¥¤¥óÅù¤ò¾Ò²ð¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ë...
CENTER:¢£ ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥ÈÅù¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ (°ìÈ̤ξì¹ç) | È÷¹Í |h
| (ά) | ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¼ê³¤. &br; ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ä¥×¥í¥È¥³...
| ''logout'', ''exit'' Åù | ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤¹¤ë. &br;¤³¤ì¤â¥·...
| ''passwd'',''yppasswd'' Åù | ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë. | |
| ''id'' | ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤È¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤ª¤è¤Ó³ÆÈÖ¹æ¤òɽ...
| ''last'' | ºÇ¶á¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë.| |
| ''uptime'' | ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î²ÔƯ»þ´Ö¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¿ô¡¤Ê¿¶ÑÉé²Ù¤òɽ...
| ''who, w, finger, whoami'' Åù | who: 郎¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤...
| ''date, cal'' Åù | date: Æü»þ¤òɽ¼¨&br;cal: ¥«¥ì¥ó¥À¡¼...
| ''leave'' | ²¿»þÎ¥Àʤ¹¤Ù¤¤«¤òÃΤ餻¤ë&br;leave 1400 : ...
* Basic of Command Operations: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÁàºî¤Î´ðËÜ [#t7940...
¤µ¤Æ¡¤unix ¤Î cui ¾å¤ÇÁàºî¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¤¤¦¤³¤È...
¤½¤Î»ÅÁȤߤˤĤ¤¤Æ¤Ï¸å½Ò¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¤cui ¤Ç¤ÎÁàºî¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼...
** Basic Grammer of Commands: Ì¿Îá (¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É) ¤Î´ðËÜŪ¤Ê...
´ðËÜŪ¤Êʸˡ¤Ï¡¤¡Ö¾¤»È¤¤¤Ø¤Î''±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤ÎÌ¿Îá''¡×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È»×...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
''(Ì¿Îá·Á¤ÎÆ°»ì) (Éû»ì) (ÌÜŪ¸ì)''
¤Èʤ٤ÆÌ¿Îáʸ¤òºî¤ë¡¤¤È»×¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
''¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É␣¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó␣°ú¿ô''
¤Èʤ٤ë(´Ö¤Ï¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹␣¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ë).
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤Ï¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¡ÖÆ°ºî¤ËÊѹ¹¤ò²Ã¤¨¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤â¤Î...
** Common Key Bindings: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃæ¤Ç¤è¤¯»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¥¡¼ [#c4...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¤¬¡¤ÍѤ¬ºÑ¤ó¤À¤Î¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ê¤¿¤¤¡¤¤è¤¯Ê¬¤«...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤^ ¤Ï¡ÖCtrl¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤Ê¤¬¤é¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë.
: ''^c'' | ¡Ä ¼Â¹ÔÃæ¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤.
: ''^d'' ¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï ''.''(¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É) + [Enter¥¡¼] | ¡Ä ¥³¥Þ...
: ''^g'' | ¡Ä ÊÔ½¸·Ï¤Î¼Â¹ÔÃ楳¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê...
: ''^]'' | ¡Ä ÄÌ¿®·Ï¤Î¼Â¹ÔÃ楳¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÂÐÏü¹ԤòÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); Áàºî¤·¤Æ¤â»Ù¾ã¤Î¤Ê¤µ¤½¤¦¤ÊÈÏ...
+ üËö¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥¿¤òµ¯Æ°.
+ ¤½¤Î¾å¤Ç¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¥¿¥¤¥×¤·¡¤[Enter] ¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤ÆÆþÎÏ.
+ ¸½¤ì¤¿È¿±þ¤ò¤ß¤Æ³Ø½¬.
+ °Ê²¼·«¤êÊÖ¤·.
&ref(/materials/warning.png); kterm ¤ò¤Ï¤¸¤á¤È¤¹¤ëüËö¥¨...
* Online Manuals: ¡Ö¼«Ê¬¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¡×¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å...
unix ¤È¤¤¤¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»ý¤Äʸ²½¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¡Ö²¿»ö¤â¼«Ê¬¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤è¡×...
¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ç¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¤
- ̾¾Î : ̾Á°¤È°ì¹ÔÄøÅ٤δÊñ¤ÊÀâÌÀ.
- ½ñ¼° : ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ä°ú¿ô¤ò¤É¤¦Ê¤٤뤫.
- ²òÀâ : ²¿¤ò¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ê¤Î¤«¤Î²òÀ⤪¤è¤Ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎÀâ...
- Îò»Ë : ¤½¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¤Þ¤Ä¤ï¤ëÎò»Ë.
- ´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤äÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ.
- »ÈÍÑÎã : ´Êñ¤ÊÎã. ¤³¤ì¤òºÇ½é¤Ë¸«¤ë¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤¬¼Â¤ÏÎɤ¤.
- ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ: ´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¡¤¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï»÷¤¿¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÎóµó.¤Á...
- ¥Ð¥° : ¥Ð¥°¤ä»ÈÍѾå¤ÎÃí°ÕÅÀ¤¬¤«¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
¤È¤¤¤¦´¶¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
¤ï¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤é¤Þ¤º¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦Êʤò¤Ä¤±¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤¬...
** Commands for Online Manuals: ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë´Ø...
CENTER:¢£ ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ |h
| man␣¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾ | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë. &br;Í¿¤¨¤¿...
| jman␣¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾ | ÆüËܸ쥪¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë.&br;...
| (j)man␣man | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë(^-^...
| (j)man␣-k␣¥¡¼¥ï¡¼¥É | ¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼...
| xman | Xwindow ¾å¤Î¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë. &br;¸ºß¤¹¤ë¥Þ...
| info | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë.&br;man ·ÏÅý¤Ç¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¥Þ¥Ë...
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ''(j)man'' ¤Ê¤É¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç...
¼Â¤Ï¡¤¤³¤¦¤·¤¿²èÌ̽ÐÎϤǤÏÄ̾ï¤Ï ''less'' ¤È¤¤¤¦¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É...
* Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë [#g8931188]
&ref(./shell-image.png);
unix ¤Ç cui Áàºî¤ò¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤¼Â¤Ï¤½¤³¤Ë¤Ï¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×...
>
¤ä
$
¤Ê¤É¤È¤¤¤¦É½¼¨¤¬¤Ç¤ë¤¬¡¤¤³¤ì¤Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¡Ö²¿¤«ÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À...
´ðËÜŪ¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÄ̤·¤Æ¿Í´Ö¤Îʸ»úÆþÎÏ...
¼ÂºÝ¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤ÏºÙ¤«¤¤¤³¤È¤ò¿Í´Ö¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤¯¤ì...
·ë¶É¡¤unix ¤Ç¤Î cui Áàºî¤Ë´·¤ì¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ï¡¤''¾¤»È¤¤¤Ç¤¢...
¤Á¤Ê¤ß¤Ë¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤Ê¼ïÎब¤¢¤ê¡¤¹¥¤ß¤Ë±þ¤¸¤Æ¹¥...
¤½¤ì¤Ï¡¤unix cui ¤Ç¤ÎÁàºî¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
- ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁàºî
- ÂÐ¾Ý¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¼«¿È¤ÎÁàºî
¤È¤¤¤¦Æó¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¯¥¿¡¼¤¬Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤ÎÆó¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¯...
¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤°Õ¼±¤·¤Æ¶èÊ̤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤±¤Ð¤¹¤°Ê¬¤«¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë...
** Variety in Shells: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¼ïÎà [#i7be1dbe]
¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¿ô¿¤¯¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤Â礤¯Ê¬¤±¤Æ [sh·Ï] ¤È [csh·Ï] ¤È¤Î...
: ''sh·Ï'' | ¤Ï sh ¤È¤¤¤¦ºÇ¤â¥·¥ó¥×¥ë¤«¤Ä¸Å¤¤¥·¥§¥ë¤Ëü¤ò...
: ''csh·Ï'' | ¤Ï C ¸À¸ì¤Ë»÷¤¿Ê¸Ë¡¤òºÎÍѤ·¤¿ csh ¤È¤¤¤¦¥·...
[sh·Ï] ¤ÎÈæ³ÓŪ¿·¤·¤¤¤â¤Î¤Ë bash, [csh·Ï] ¤ÎÈæ³ÓŪ¿·¤·¤¤...
(Ãí) ¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç sh ¤È¾Î¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤Î¼ÂÂΤÏ...
** Change of Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Î°ì»þÊѹ¹ [#i4440733]
¥·¥§¥ë¤â°ì¤Ä¤Î¥½¥Õ¥È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤ÉáÄ̤Υ³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤·¤Æµ¯Æ°...
** Change of Login Shell: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÊѹ¹ [#ue45cd4d]
¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤È¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¥æ¡¼¥¶ÍѤ˵¯Æ°¤·¡¤¤½¤ì...
* Functions of Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½ [#tca18083]
¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï¸åÆü¤Î¹ÖµÁ¤Ç²òÀ⤹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤³...
** Input of Commands: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆþÎÏ [#g39519dc]
¥·¥§¥ë¤Ø¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÆþÎϤϡ¤¹Ôñ°Ì¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤ë. ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¤¥...
** Continuous Execution and Grouping of Commands: Ϣ³¼Â...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÆþÎϤδðËÜ¤Ï 1¹Ô¤Ç1¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤Ï¢Â³¤¹¤ë¥³...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¡Ä
¤È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î´Ö¤Ë ; (¥»¥ß¥³¥í¥ó) ¤ò¶´¤à¤À¤±¤Ç¤è¤¤.¤³¤¦¤¹¤ë...
¤Þ¤¿¡¤¤³¤¦¤·¤¿Ï¢Â³¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò ( ) ¤Ç°ì¤Ä¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×...
(¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É)
Åù¤È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë. ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×²½¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê£¿ô¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï¥·¥§...
** History: ¥Ò¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼ [#g42accb7]
¤³¤ì¤Þ¤ÇÆþÎϤ·¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò (ÀßÄꤷ¤¿¿ô¤À¤±) ³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ëµ¡...
** Edition of Command Lines: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤ÎÊÔ½¸ [#qf65a...
[Enter¥¡¼] ¤ò²¡¤¹Á°¤Ê¤é¡¤ÆþÎϹԤòŬÅö¤ËÊÔ½¸¤Ç¤¤ë. ¤É¤Î...
** Completion: Êä´° [#g531f545]
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤òÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þ¡¤¤¢¤ë¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤¹¤È...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤«¤Ê¤êƯ¤¤¬°ã¤¦.¾å¤Î¡Ö¤¢...
** Alias: ÊÌ̾ [#t2576a23]
¼«Ê¬¤Ç·è¤á¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤Ç°Û¤Ê¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç...
** Glob Expansion(Wildcard Characters): ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾À¸À® (...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃæ¤ÇÂбþ¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò°ì¡¹Á´¤ÆÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê...
¤³¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤òºî¤ë¤¿¤á¤Îʸ»ú¤È¤½¤ÎÌò³ä¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
- ''?'' Ǥ°Õ¤Î°ìʸ»ú
- ''*'' Ǥ°Õʸ»úÎó (0ʸ»ú°Ê¾å)
- ''[]'' [ ] Ãæ¤Î¤É¤ì¤«°ìʸ»ú. - ¤ÇÈÏ°Ï»ØÄê¤â¤Ç¤¤ë.
- ''{ʸ»úÎó1, ʸ»úÎó2,...}'' {} Ãæ¤Î , ¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤¿¤É¤ì¤«...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë¤¢¤ë . (¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É) ¤À¤±¤Ï . ¤Çľ...
*** example of glob expansion: ''¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥ÉŸ³«¤ÎÎã''...
> ls -Fa ¢« man ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È.
> ./ .a 00.c a.txt ...
> ../ .b a abc ...
> echo ??? ¢« man ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È.
> abc
> echo [a-c]*
> a a.txt abc b
> echo {a,z}.txt
> a.txt z.txt
> echo *.* ¢« ÅÓÃæ¤Ë¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É¤Î¤¢¤ë¤â¤Î. ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾Àè...
> 00.c a.txt dummy.html z.txt
> echo * ¢« Á´¤Æ¡Ä ¤È¸À¤¤¤¿¤¤¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾ÀèƬ¤Î . ¤Ë...
> 00.c a a.txt abc b dummy.html z.txt
> echo .* * ¢« Á´¤Æ¡Ä ¤È¸À¤¤¤¿¤¤¤¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î . .. ...
> . .. .a .b 00.c a a.txt abc b dummy.html z.txt
* Commands about Shells: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ä¼ê³¤...
¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¡¤¾ÜºÙ¤Ï man ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤Î¤¬Á°Äó¤Ç¤¢¤ë. ˺¤ì...
CENTER:¢£ ¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ |h
| chsh, ypchsh Åù | ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÊѹ¹.&br;ɸ½à¥·¥§¥ë (...
| alias␣ÊÌ̾=¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ËÊÌ̾¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë.&br;...
| unalias␣ÊÌ̾| ÊÌ̾¤ò²ò½ü¤¹¤ë. |
| history | ¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤Îɽ¼¨....
| !! | ľÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô¤ÎºÆ¼Â¹Ô.&br;»þ¤ËÊØÍø¤À. |
| !n (n¤Ï¿ô»ú) | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤Î nÈ֤Υ³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô.&br...
| !-n (n¤Ï¿ô»ú) | ¸½ºß¤è¤ê n¹ÔÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô.&br;Ʊ¤¸¤¯ÊØ...
| !ʸ»úÎó | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥ÈÃ桤»ØÄêʸ»úÎó¤¬ÀèƬ¤Ë¤¢¤ë...
| !?ʸ»úÎó? | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥ÈÃ桤»ØÄêʸ»úÎ󤬴ޤޤì¤ë...
| ¢¬,¢, ^n, ^p ¤Ê¤É | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤òľÀÜ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); ¾å¤Ë½Ð¤Æ¤¤¿¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¡¤¥³...
* Report: ¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È [#d4c57b4d]
°Ê²¼¤Î²ÝÂê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¤¤¢¤¿¤¦¤«¤®¤ê¸ÌÀ¤ÊÄ´ºº¤È¹Í»¡¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¤
&br;
''AppliedMath7-Report-01''
&br;
¤È¤¤¤¦Âê̾¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æ e-mail ¤Ë¤Æ¶µ´±°¸¤Ë¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤·¤ÆÄó½Ð...
+ ''(j)man␣-a'' ¤Î°ÕÌ£¤òÄ´¤Ù¤è.
+ ''cal'' ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤10ǯ¸å¤Î¼«Ê¬¤ÎÃÂÀ¸Æü¤¬²¿ÍËÆü¤«Ä´¤Ù¤è.
+ ''ls'' ¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÄ´¤Ù¡¤¼«Ê¬¤ÇºÇ¤â¤è¤¤ÀßÄê¤òõ¤·¡¤¤É...
+ ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥óÊÔ½¸¤Ë»È¤¨¤ë¥¡¼¤òÄ´¤Ù¤è. (º¸¤Ø¹Ô¤¯¥¡¼¡¤...
+ ¾å¤Ëµ¤·¤¿¡Ö°Ê³°¤Î¡×ÊØÍø¤Ê¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤«¡¤Ä´¤Ù¤Æ...
+ bash, tcsh, zsh ¤Î°ã¤¤¤ò½ñÀҤʤ¤¤·¤Ï web Åù¤Î»ñÎÁ¤ò¤â¤È...
&br;&br;
&br;&br;
* about Icons, ClipArts [#z03a4807]
For details, see [[&ref(/materials/JNorth_arrow-right-sm....
// ¨¬¨¨®¨¯¨°¨±¨²¨³¨´¨µ¨¶
// ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥óÆþÎϤϡֹÔƬ¤ò > ¤Ç»Ï¤á¤ë¡×.
// ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó½ÐÎϤϡֹÔƬ¤ò¥Ö¥é¥ó¥¯¤Ç»Ï¤á¤ë¡×.
// ¼Â½¬¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/notes.png);
// Ãí°Õ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/warning.png);
// Link ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/JNorth_arrow-right-sm.png);
// OK ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/OK.png);
// NG ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/NG.png);
// ¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/Gnome-Preferences.png);
// Âçʸ»ú¤Ç¤Î¶¯Ä´
// CENTER:&size(24){''¤Û¤²¤Û¤²''};
// programu source ɽµ
// #highlighter(language=ruby,number=on,cache=on){{}}
// ¥Ñ¥¤¥×
// ¦
½ªÎ»¹Ô:
#CONTENTS
// Âè 1 ²ó -- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÁàºî¤Î´ðËÜ¡¤¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë, ...
* Unix is multiuser system: ¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î ...
unix ¤Ï¡ÖÊ£¿ô¤Î¿Í´Ö¤¬Æ±»þ¤ËƱ¤¸¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò»È¤¦¡×¤¿¤á¤ËÀß·×...
¤³¤¦¤·¤¿¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ò¼±Ê̤·¤¿¤ê¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¹ÔÆ°¤ä...
unix ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï»öÁ°¤ËÅÐÏ¿¤µ¤ì¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»...
¤³¤¦¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÆâÍƤ˴ؤ·¤Æ¡¤¤Þ¤º¤ÏºÇ¤âºÇ½é¤«¤éɬÍפȤʤ륢¥«...
** Login: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó [#i93b4b06]
unix ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤò³«»Ï¤¹¤ë¼ê³...
¼¡¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡Ö¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¡×¤ÈÂФˤʤë¼ê³¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
°ìÈ̤ˡ¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ò¼±Ê̤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡Ö¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¡×¤È¡Ö¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ê¼ê³¤¤Ë¤Ï¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ÎÊýË¡ (¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë) ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÍÍ...
¤Þ¤¿¡¤unix ¤¬Æ°¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ÎÁ°¤ÇľÀÜ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¾¤Ë¥Í...
Ä̾ï¤Ï¡¤¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤ÈÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤¢¤ë¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×¤È¤è¤Ð¤ì¤ë¥×...
** Logout: ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È [#gd88446f]
unix ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤ò½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¼ê³¤¤ò¸À¤¦.
Á°¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡Ö¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡×¤ÈÂФˤʤë¼ê³¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
¤³¤Î¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï unix ¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹Ãæ¤È¤¤¤¦°·¤¤...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ê¼ê³¤¤Ï¤³¤ì¤Þ¤¿ÍÍ¡¹¤Ê·Á¼°¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¤¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã...
̤ÃΤΥ·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤À¤±¤Ï...
** Account: ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È [#h76a2eee]
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¸Ä¡¹¤Î̾¾Î¤ò¤¤¤¤¡¤¡Ö¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¡×...
¡Ö¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Í¡¼¥à¡×¤Ê¤É¤È¤â¤è¤Ð¤ì¤ë.
¥á¡¼¥ë¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Î°ìÉô¤È¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤â¿¤¤.
** Password: ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É [#ee852455]
¤¢¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¾ÚÌÀ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ÎÈëÌ©¤Î¹ç¸ÀÍÕ¤¬¡Ö¥Ñ¥¹...
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¼±Ê̤òÊݾڤ¹¤ë¼êÃʤǤ¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Îϳ±Ì¤Ï...
¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Ï¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯Ê£»¨¤Ê¤â¤Î¤¬¿ä¾©¤µ¤ì¤ë.
// ¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¤ÎÍøÍѤμê°ú¤
// <a href="http://www.ecs.cmc.osaka-u.ac.jp/tebiki/no...
// ¤Ê¤É¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¤
³Ð¤¨¤ä¤¹¤¤¤¯¿ä¬¤µ¤ì¤Ë¤¯¤¤¤â¤Î¡¤¤ò¹©Éפ·¤Æ»È¤¦¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
¤Þ¤¿¡¤¤³¤Þ¤á¤ËÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤.
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó & ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È...
- ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿¤Þ¤ÞÀʤòÎ¥¤ì¤ë¤È¡¤Â¾¿Í¤¬¤½¤ÎÀʤ˺¤äƥѥ¹...
- ÀáÅŤΤ¿¤á¡¤¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È»þ¤Ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥×¥ì¥¤¤ÎÅŸ»¤òÀÚ¤ë¤è¤¦...
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÎÃí°Õ
¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÇºÇ¤â·Ù...
¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ÏÀäÂФˤФì¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬...
- ¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò»æÅù¤Ë¡Ö¥á¥â¡×¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÏÀäÂФˤ·¤Æ...
- ¡Ö¥·¥ç¥ë¥À¡¼¥Ï¥Ã¥¥ó¥°¡×¤È¸À¤Ã¤Æ¡¤¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÆþÎϤ¹¤ë...
** Commands and Procedures to login/logout: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥í...
¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¼þ¤ê¤Ï¥»¥¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ÌäÂê¤Ë¶¯¤¯´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¡¤¥·¥¹¥Æ...
¤½¤ì¤ÏºåÂ綵°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤âƱÍͤǤ¢¤ê¡¤°ìÈÌÏÀ¤¬¤½...
¤·¤«¤·¡¤¤Þ¤º¤Ï´ðÁ䫤顤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤ë¤Ù¤¯¸Åŵ...
¤Ê¤ª¡¤¥»¥¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï±ó³Ö¥í¥°¥¤¥óÅù¤ò¾Ò²ð¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ë...
CENTER:¢£ ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¤¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥ÈÅù¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ (°ìÈ̤ξì¹ç) | È÷¹Í |h
| (ά) | ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¼ê³¤. &br; ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ä¥×¥í¥È¥³...
| ''logout'', ''exit'' Åù | ¥í¥°¥¢¥¦¥È¤¹¤ë. &br;¤³¤ì¤â¥·...
| ''passwd'',''yppasswd'' Åù | ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë. | |
| ''id'' | ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤È¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤ª¤è¤Ó³ÆÈÖ¹æ¤òɽ...
| ''last'' | ºÇ¶á¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤¿¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë.| |
| ''uptime'' | ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î²ÔƯ»þ´Ö¡¤¥æ¡¼¥¶¿ô¡¤Ê¿¶ÑÉé²Ù¤òɽ...
| ''who, w, finger, whoami'' Åù | who: 郎¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤...
| ''date, cal'' Åù | date: Æü»þ¤òɽ¼¨&br;cal: ¥«¥ì¥ó¥À¡¼...
| ''leave'' | ²¿»þÎ¥Àʤ¹¤Ù¤¤«¤òÃΤ餻¤ë&br;leave 1400 : ...
* Basic of Command Operations: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÁàºî¤Î´ðËÜ [#t7940...
¤µ¤Æ¡¤unix ¤Î cui ¾å¤ÇÁàºî¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¤¤¦¤³¤È...
¤½¤Î»ÅÁȤߤˤĤ¤¤Æ¤Ï¸å½Ò¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¤cui ¤Ç¤ÎÁàºî¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼...
** Basic Grammer of Commands: Ì¿Îá (¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É) ¤Î´ðËÜŪ¤Ê...
´ðËÜŪ¤Êʸˡ¤Ï¡¤¡Ö¾¤»È¤¤¤Ø¤Î''±Ñ¸ì¤Ç¤ÎÌ¿Îá''¡×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È»×...
¶ñÂÎŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
''(Ì¿Îá·Á¤ÎÆ°»ì) (Éû»ì) (ÌÜŪ¸ì)''
¤Èʤ٤ÆÌ¿Îáʸ¤òºî¤ë¡¤¤È»×¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤.
¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
''¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É␣¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó␣°ú¿ô''
¤Èʤ٤ë(´Ö¤Ï¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹␣¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ë).
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤Ï¡¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¡ÖÆ°ºî¤ËÊѹ¹¤ò²Ã¤¨¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤â¤Î...
** Common Key Bindings: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃæ¤Ç¤è¤¯»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¥¡¼ [#c4...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¤¬¡¤ÍѤ¬ºÑ¤ó¤À¤Î¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ê¤¿¤¤¡¤¤è¤¯Ê¬¤«...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤^ ¤Ï¡ÖCtrl¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤Ê¤¬¤é¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë.
: ''^c'' | ¡Ä ¼Â¹ÔÃæ¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤.
: ''^d'' ¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï ''.''(¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É) + [Enter¥¡¼] | ¡Ä ¥³¥Þ...
: ''^g'' | ¡Ä ÊÔ½¸·Ï¤Î¼Â¹ÔÃ楳¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê...
: ''^]'' | ¡Ä ÄÌ¿®·Ï¤Î¼Â¹ÔÃ楳¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÂÐÏü¹ԤòÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡¤...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); Áàºî¤·¤Æ¤â»Ù¾ã¤Î¤Ê¤µ¤½¤¦¤ÊÈÏ...
+ üËö¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥¿¤òµ¯Æ°.
+ ¤½¤Î¾å¤Ç¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¥¿¥¤¥×¤·¡¤[Enter] ¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤ÆÆþÎÏ.
+ ¸½¤ì¤¿È¿±þ¤ò¤ß¤Æ³Ø½¬.
+ °Ê²¼·«¤êÊÖ¤·.
&ref(/materials/warning.png); kterm ¤ò¤Ï¤¸¤á¤È¤¹¤ëüËö¥¨...
* Online Manuals: ¡Ö¼«Ê¬¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¡×¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å...
unix ¤È¤¤¤¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»ý¤Äʸ²½¤Ë¤Ï¡¤¡Ö²¿»ö¤â¼«Ê¬¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤è¡×...
¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ç¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¤
- ̾¾Î : ̾Á°¤È°ì¹ÔÄøÅ٤δÊñ¤ÊÀâÌÀ.
- ½ñ¼° : ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ä°ú¿ô¤ò¤É¤¦Ê¤٤뤫.
- ²òÀâ : ²¿¤ò¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ê¤Î¤«¤Î²òÀ⤪¤è¤Ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎÀâ...
- Îò»Ë : ¤½¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¤Þ¤Ä¤ï¤ëÎò»Ë.
- ´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤äÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ.
- »ÈÍÑÎã : ´Êñ¤ÊÎã. ¤³¤ì¤òºÇ½é¤Ë¸«¤ë¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤¬¼Â¤ÏÎɤ¤.
- ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ: ´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¡¤¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï»÷¤¿¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÎóµó.¤Á...
- ¥Ð¥° : ¥Ð¥°¤ä»ÈÍѾå¤ÎÃí°ÕÅÀ¤¬¤«¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
¤È¤¤¤¦´¶¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë.
¤ï¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤é¤Þ¤º¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¡¤¤È¤¤¤¦Êʤò¤Ä¤±¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤¬...
** Commands for Online Manuals: ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë´Ø...
CENTER:¢£ ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ |h
| man␣¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾ | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë. &br;Í¿¤¨¤¿...
| jman␣¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾ | ÆüËܸ쥪¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë.&br;...
| (j)man␣man | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë(^-^...
| (j)man␣-k␣¥¡¼¥ï¡¼¥É | ¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼...
| xman | Xwindow ¾å¤Î¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë. &br;¸ºß¤¹¤ë¥Þ...
| info | ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë.&br;man ·ÏÅý¤Ç¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¥Þ¥Ë...
&ref(/materials/warning.png); ''(j)man'' ¤Ê¤É¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç...
¼Â¤Ï¡¤¤³¤¦¤·¤¿²èÌ̽ÐÎϤǤÏÄ̾ï¤Ï ''less'' ¤È¤¤¤¦¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); ¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥ó¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É...
* Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë [#g8931188]
&ref(./shell-image.png);
unix ¤Ç cui Áàºî¤ò¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¤¼Â¤Ï¤½¤³¤Ë¤Ï¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×...
>
¤ä
$
¤Ê¤É¤È¤¤¤¦É½¼¨¤¬¤Ç¤ë¤¬¡¤¤³¤ì¤Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¡Ö²¿¤«ÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À...
´ðËÜŪ¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î¡Ö¥·¥§¥ë¡×¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÄ̤·¤Æ¿Í´Ö¤Îʸ»úÆþÎÏ...
¼ÂºÝ¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤ÏºÙ¤«¤¤¤³¤È¤ò¿Í´Ö¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤¯¤ì...
·ë¶É¡¤unix ¤Ç¤Î cui Áàºî¤Ë´·¤ì¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤Ï¡¤''¾¤»È¤¤¤Ç¤¢...
¤Á¤Ê¤ß¤Ë¡¤¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤Ê¼ïÎब¤¢¤ê¡¤¹¥¤ß¤Ë±þ¤¸¤Æ¹¥...
¤½¤ì¤Ï¡¤unix cui ¤Ç¤ÎÁàºî¤Ë¤Ï¡¤
- ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁàºî
- ÂÐ¾Ý¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¼«¿È¤ÎÁàºî
¤È¤¤¤¦Æó¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¯¥¿¡¼¤¬Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤ÎÆó¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¯...
¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤°Õ¼±¤·¤Æ¶èÊ̤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤±¤Ð¤¹¤°Ê¬¤«¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë...
** Variety in Shells: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¼ïÎà [#i7be1dbe]
¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¿ô¿¤¯¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤Â礤¯Ê¬¤±¤Æ [sh·Ï] ¤È [csh·Ï] ¤È¤Î...
: ''sh·Ï'' | ¤Ï sh ¤È¤¤¤¦ºÇ¤â¥·¥ó¥×¥ë¤«¤Ä¸Å¤¤¥·¥§¥ë¤Ëü¤ò...
: ''csh·Ï'' | ¤Ï C ¸À¸ì¤Ë»÷¤¿Ê¸Ë¡¤òºÎÍѤ·¤¿ csh ¤È¤¤¤¦¥·...
[sh·Ï] ¤ÎÈæ³ÓŪ¿·¤·¤¤¤â¤Î¤Ë bash, [csh·Ï] ¤ÎÈæ³ÓŪ¿·¤·¤¤...
(Ãí) ¶µ°éÍÑ·×»»µ¡¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç sh ¤È¾Î¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤Î¼ÂÂΤÏ...
** Change of Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Î°ì»þÊѹ¹ [#i4440733]
¥·¥§¥ë¤â°ì¤Ä¤Î¥½¥Õ¥È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤ÉáÄ̤Υ³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤·¤Æµ¯Æ°...
** Change of Login Shell: ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÊѹ¹ [#ue45cd4d]
¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤È¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¥æ¡¼¥¶ÍѤ˵¯Æ°¤·¡¤¤½¤ì...
* Functions of Shell: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½ [#tca18083]
¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï¸åÆü¤Î¹ÖµÁ¤Ç²òÀ⤹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤³...
** Input of Commands: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÆþÎÏ [#g39519dc]
¥·¥§¥ë¤Ø¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÆþÎϤϡ¤¹Ôñ°Ì¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤ë. ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¤¥...
** Continuous Execution and Grouping of Commands: Ϣ³¼Â...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÆþÎϤδðËÜ¤Ï 1¹Ô¤Ç1¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¤Ï¢Â³¤¹¤ë¥³...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¡Ä
¤È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î´Ö¤Ë ; (¥»¥ß¥³¥í¥ó) ¤ò¶´¤à¤À¤±¤Ç¤è¤¤.¤³¤¦¤¹¤ë...
¤Þ¤¿¡¤¤³¤¦¤·¤¿Ï¢Â³¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò ( ) ¤Ç°ì¤Ä¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×...
(¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É; ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É)
Åù¤È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë. ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×²½¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê£¿ô¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï¥·¥§...
** History: ¥Ò¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼ [#g42accb7]
¤³¤ì¤Þ¤ÇÆþÎϤ·¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò (ÀßÄꤷ¤¿¿ô¤À¤±) ³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ëµ¡...
** Edition of Command Lines: ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤ÎÊÔ½¸ [#qf65a...
[Enter¥¡¼] ¤ò²¡¤¹Á°¤Ê¤é¡¤ÆþÎϹԤòŬÅö¤ËÊÔ½¸¤Ç¤¤ë. ¤É¤Î...
** Completion: Êä´° [#g531f545]
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤òÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þ¡¤¤¢¤ë¥¡¼¤ò²¡¤¹¤È...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤«¤Ê¤êƯ¤¤¬°ã¤¦.¾å¤Î¡Ö¤¢...
** Alias: ÊÌ̾ [#t2576a23]
¼«Ê¬¤Ç·è¤á¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤Ç°Û¤Ê¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç...
** Glob Expansion(Wildcard Characters): ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾À¸À® (...
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÃæ¤ÇÂбþ¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò°ì¡¹Á´¤ÆÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê...
¤³¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤òºî¤ë¤¿¤á¤Îʸ»ú¤È¤½¤ÎÌò³ä¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¤¢¤ë.
- ''?'' Ǥ°Õ¤Î°ìʸ»ú
- ''*'' Ǥ°Õʸ»úÎó (0ʸ»ú°Ê¾å)
- ''[]'' [ ] Ãæ¤Î¤É¤ì¤«°ìʸ»ú. - ¤ÇÈÏ°Ï»ØÄê¤â¤Ç¤¤ë.
- ''{ʸ»úÎó1, ʸ»úÎó2,...}'' {} Ãæ¤Î , ¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤¿¤É¤ì¤«...
¤¿¤À¤·¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë¤¢¤ë . (¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É) ¤À¤±¤Ï . ¤Çľ...
*** example of glob expansion: ''¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥ÉŸ³«¤ÎÎã''...
> ls -Fa ¢« man ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È.
> ./ .a 00.c a.txt ...
> ../ .b a abc ...
> echo ??? ¢« man ¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È.
> abc
> echo [a-c]*
> a a.txt abc b
> echo {a,z}.txt
> a.txt z.txt
> echo *.* ¢« ÅÓÃæ¤Ë¥Ô¥ê¥ª¥É¤Î¤¢¤ë¤â¤Î. ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾Àè...
> 00.c a.txt dummy.html z.txt
> echo * ¢« Á´¤Æ¡Ä ¤È¸À¤¤¤¿¤¤¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾ÀèƬ¤Î . ¤Ë...
> 00.c a a.txt abc b dummy.html z.txt
> echo .* * ¢« Á´¤Æ¡Ä ¤È¸À¤¤¤¿¤¤¤¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î . .. ...
> . .. .a .b 00.c a a.txt abc b dummy.html z.txt
* Commands about Shells: ¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ä¼ê³¤...
¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¡¤¾ÜºÙ¤Ï man ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÇÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤Î¤¬Á°Äó¤Ç¤¢¤ë. ˺¤ì...
CENTER:¢£ ¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¡¤¼ê³¤ ¢£
| ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÅù | µ¡Ç½Åù²òÀâ |h
| chsh, ypchsh Åù | ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÊѹ¹.&br;ɸ½à¥·¥§¥ë (...
| alias␣ÊÌ̾=¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ËÊÌ̾¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë.&br;...
| unalias␣ÊÌ̾| ÊÌ̾¤ò²ò½ü¤¹¤ë. |
| history | ¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤Îɽ¼¨....
| !! | ľÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô¤ÎºÆ¼Â¹Ô.&br;»þ¤ËÊØÍø¤À. |
| !n (n¤Ï¿ô»ú) | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤Î nÈ֤Υ³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô.&br...
| !-n (n¤Ï¿ô»ú) | ¸½ºß¤è¤ê n¹ÔÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô.&br;Ʊ¤¸¤¯ÊØ...
| !ʸ»úÎó | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥ÈÃ桤»ØÄêʸ»úÎó¤¬ÀèƬ¤Ë¤¢¤ë...
| !?ʸ»úÎó? | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥ÈÃ桤»ØÄêʸ»úÎ󤬴ޤޤì¤ë...
| ¢¬,¢, ^n, ^p ¤Ê¤É | ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥ÉÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤òľÀÜ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤...
&ref(/materials/notes.png); ¾å¤Ë½Ð¤Æ¤¤¿¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¡¤¥³...
* Report: ¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È [#d4c57b4d]
°Ê²¼¤Î²ÝÂê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¤¤¢¤¿¤¦¤«¤®¤ê¸ÌÀ¤ÊÄ´ºº¤È¹Í»¡¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¤
&br;
''AppliedMath7-Report-01''
&br;
¤È¤¤¤¦Âê̾¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æ e-mail ¤Ë¤Æ¶µ´±°¸¤Ë¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤·¤ÆÄó½Ð...
+ ''(j)man␣-a'' ¤Î°ÕÌ£¤òÄ´¤Ù¤è.
+ ''cal'' ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¤10ǯ¸å¤Î¼«Ê¬¤ÎÃÂÀ¸Æü¤¬²¿ÍËÆü¤«Ä´¤Ù¤è.
+ ''ls'' ¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÄ´¤Ù¡¤¼«Ê¬¤ÇºÇ¤â¤è¤¤ÀßÄê¤òõ¤·¡¤¤É...
+ ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥óÊÔ½¸¤Ë»È¤¨¤ë¥¡¼¤òÄ´¤Ù¤è. (º¸¤Ø¹Ô¤¯¥¡¼¡¤...
+ ¾å¤Ëµ¤·¤¿¡Ö°Ê³°¤Î¡×ÊØÍø¤Ê¥·¥§¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤«¡¤Ä´¤Ù¤Æ...
+ bash, tcsh, zsh ¤Î°ã¤¤¤ò½ñÀҤʤ¤¤·¤Ï web Åù¤Î»ñÎÁ¤ò¤â¤È...
&br;&br;
&br;&br;
* about Icons, ClipArts [#z03a4807]
For details, see [[&ref(/materials/JNorth_arrow-right-sm....
// ¨¬¨¨®¨¯¨°¨±¨²¨³¨´¨µ¨¶
// ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥óÆþÎϤϡֹÔƬ¤ò > ¤Ç»Ï¤á¤ë¡×.
// ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó½ÐÎϤϡֹÔƬ¤ò¥Ö¥é¥ó¥¯¤Ç»Ï¤á¤ë¡×.
// ¼Â½¬¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/notes.png);
// Ãí°Õ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/warning.png);
// Link ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/JNorth_arrow-right-sm.png);
// OK ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/OK.png);
// NG ¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/NG.png);
// ¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë¥¢¥¤¥³¥ó
// &ref(/materials/Gnome-Preferences.png);
// Âçʸ»ú¤Ç¤Î¶¯Ä´
// CENTER:&size(24){''¤Û¤²¤Û¤²''};
// programu source ɽµ
// #highlighter(language=ruby,number=on,cache=on){{}}
// ¥Ñ¥¤¥×
// ¦
¥Ú¡¼¥¸Ì¾: